![]() ![]() World production of cesium compounds is just 20 tonnes per year, coming mainly from the Bernic lake (Canada) with a little from Zimbabwe and South-West Africa. Few cesium mineral are know, pollucite is the main: they are silicate magmas cooled from granites. Cesium is used in atomic clocks and more recently in ion propulsion systems.Īlthough cesium is much less abundant than the other alkali metals, it is still more common than elements like arsenic, iodine and uranium. ![]() The chloride is used in photoelectric cells, in optical instruments, and in increasing the sensitivity of electron tubes. Cesium salts are used to strenght various types of glass. Cesium is sometimes used to remove traces of oxygen from the vacuum tubes and from light bulbs. Cesium nitrate is used to make optical glasses. Cesium metal oxidized rapidly when exposed to the air and can form the dangerous superoxide on its surface.Ĭesium is used in industry as a catalyst promoter, boosting the performance of other metal oxides in the capacity and for the hydrogenation of organic compounds. Cesium reacts with the halogens to form a fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide. Cesium hydroxide is a strong base and attacks glass. Cesium reacts explosively with cold water, and reacts with ice at temperatures above -116☌. Cesium, gallium, and mercury are the only three metals that are liquid at or around room temperature. It is the most electropositive and most alkaline element. The metal is characterised by a spectrum containing two bright lines in the blue (accounting for its name). Separation and Concentration Purification RequestĬesium - Cs Chemical properties of cesium - Health effects of cesium - Environmental effects of cesium.Plant Inspection & Process Optimalisation.The amount of radiation at each site is monitored and limited for safety, and any mine that wishes to expand and increase the amount of radioactive material at their site will be required to follow licensing procedures. As a heavily governed area, the government keeps record of everything, including serial numbers, the amount of source at any given site, the amount of energy that is being transmitted, and the half-life of the radioactive material (typically, each source with have a 15-year life span). These safety officers must undergo a government course to ensure that they understand the effects of radiations, as well as safety and licensing procedures. The only personnel that are licenced to work on nuclear devices are radiation safety officers. These devices are never off the shelf, they’re always made to order.” Safety matters “They hand over information such as pipe wall thickness, material and diameter, which we input into a programme with a specifically designed formula to calculate requirements such as source size and mounting bracket sizing. “Mines already know that they need nuclear density measurement devices when they approach us,” Leadbetter adds. When the product is shipped containing the radioactive isotope, it is very closely monitored and sent through an authorised loading centre and stored in locked areas. The empty housing is ordered from Germany and usually weight around 65g, depending on the size of the caesium that is required for the application. The VEGASOURCE 31 is a source container that houses the caesium 137 radioactive isotope. In doing that, they are running the mine efficiently, they are not wearing out their pumps, and they are maximising the throughput through these pipes.” Vega’s nuclear density measurement devicesĪmongst Vega’s comprehensive range of process instrumentation for the mining industry is the Minitrack 31, a radiation-based sensor for non-contact density measurement of liquids and bulk solids that is retrofitted to pipelines. This level also determines how much minerals and ore they are pumping, so usually they will want to keep it between two set points. The thicker the slurry, the harder it is to pump, so they have to keep it at an optimum level. It is their job to ensure that this mining slurry is pumped efficiently. Leadbetter continues, “What metallurgists and process engineers do is control the thickness or the density of the material based on the feedback measurements taken in the field. ![]()
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